Selected alternative methods of measuring economic development
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12775/EQUIL.2008.010Abstract
The traditional economic growth measures based on SNA are not precisely as welfare indicators. The economists have tried to construct indicator that include both quality and quantity aspects of economic development. Achieving a balance between three board objectives of sustainable development ? maintenance of economic growth, social progress, and protection of environment - the new challenge for statisticians is to develop a package of indicators that can monitor and report progress towards the concept of sustainable development. The aim of this article is to present some different and less popular approaches to alternative measurement of welfare are discussed. The paper does not decide which indicator describes the level of sustainable development most precisely, but tries to present advantages and defects of each method. Concluding, the sustainable indicators are more precise than traditional ones in estimating welfare. The main difficult in calculating these measures is the requirement of data which can not be gathering easily.
Downloads
References
Borys T. (red.), Wskaźniki równoważonego rozwoju, Wydawnictwo Ekonomia i Środowisko, Warszawa-Białystok 2005.
Constantini V., Monni S., Sustainable Human Development for European Countries, http://epi.yale.edu/Home.
Deklaracja Sztokholmska, http://greenworld.serwus.pl/deklaracja_sztokholmska1.htm.
Florczak W., Wskaźniki zrównoważonego rozwoju, ?Wiadomości Statystyczne? 2008, nr 3.
Graczyk A. (red.), Zrównoważony rozwój w teorii ekonomii i w praktyce, Prace Naukowe AE im. Oskara Langego we Wrocławiu, Wrocław 2007.
Human Development Report 1990, UNDP, Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford 1990.
Indicators of Sustainable Development: Guidelines and Methodology, United Nations.
Neumayer E., Sustainability and Well-being Indicators, WIDER, ?Research Paper? 2004, No. 2004/XX.
Noga M., Pomiar dobrobytu społecznego uwzględniający stan i jakość środowiska przyrodniczego człowieka, ?Ekonomia i Środowisko? 1996, nr 19.
Noga M., Społeczeństwo ? Gospodarka ? Środowisko, Wydawnictwo Wyższej Szkoły Bankowej, Poznań 1996.
Nordhaus W., Tobin J., Is Growth Obsolete?, ?Economic Growth? 1972, Vol. 5.
Peacock W.G., Hoover G.A., Kilian C.D., Divergence and Convergence in International Development: A Decomposition Analysis of Inequality in the World System, ?American Sociological Review? 1988, No. 6.
Piontek B., Koncepcja rozwoju zrównoważonego i trwałego Polski, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa 2002.
Poskrobko B. (red.), Obszary badań nad trwałym i zrównoważonym rozwojem, Wydawnictwo Ekonomia i Środowisko, Białystok 2007.
Poskrobko B., Kozłowski S. (red.), Zrównoważony rozwój. Wybrane problemy teoretyczne i implementacja w świetle dokumentów Unii Europejskiej, Komitet ?Człowiek i Środowisko? przy Prezydium PAN, Białystok-Warszawa 2003.
Sadowski Z. (red.), Transformacja i rozwój, PTE, Warszawa 2005.
Segnestam L., Indicators of Environmental and Sustainable Development. Theories and Practical Experience, ?Environmental Economics Series? 2002, The World Bank, No. 89.
Sen A.K., Inequality Reexamined, New York-Oxford 1992.
Serageldin J., Steer A. (eds.), Making Development Sustainable, Development Occasional Paper Series, No. 2, The World Bank, Washington, D.C. 1994
Steward K., National Income Accounting and Economic Welfare: The Concepts of GNP and MEW, Federal Reserve Bank, St. Louis 1974.
Talberth J., Cobb C., Slattery N., The Genuine Progress Indicator 2006. A Tool for Sustainable Development, Redefining Progress, Oakland 2007.
The New Encyclop?dia Britannica, Micropedia, 15th Edition, Vol. 4, Encyclop?dia Britannica, Inc., Chicago 2003.
Wąsikiewicz-Rusnak U., Ekorozwój w strategii gospodarowania, Wydawnictwo AE, Kraków 2003.
Wielka Encyklopedia PWN, t. 24, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa 2005.
World Development Report 1992. Development and Environment, The World Bank, Oxford University Press, Washington, Chicago 1992.
Zolotas X., Economic Growth and Declining Social Welfare, New York University Press, New York 1981.
http://hdr.undp.org/.
http://www.economist.com/media/pdf/QUALITY_OF_LIFE.pdf.
http://www.redefiningprogress.org/newprograms/sustIndi/gpi/index.shtml.
http://www.un.org.
http://www.unescap.org/LDCCU/LDC.asp.